Curso de Inglês Básico




Aqui ao lado você encontrará o índice para poder navegar nas aulas do curso de inglês básico.

Curso de Espanhol Básico

Aqui ao lado você encontrará o índice para poder navegar nas aulas do curso.

Portuguese For Fereigners

Portuguese for English speakers.

Curso de Preposições em Inglês

sábado, 27 de dezembro de 2008

Jargon


If you got a letter saying that local officials 'wish to engage you as a stakeholder', who could blame you if you thought it was a marriage proposal or even an offer to employ you as a barbecue chef?! In this week's programme, William joins Yvonne as she finds out about an attempt at jargon-busting - getting rid jargon.

This week's question: Which British Prime Minister was known as 'Jack the Jargon Killer' because he wanted officials to stop using jargon?

a) Tony Blair
b) Robert Peel
c) Winston Churchill

Listen out for the answer to this question at the end of the programme!

Vocabulary from the programme

jargon
Words and expressions which are used in a technical or special way by a group of people in certain situations or places of work

councils
local government

councillors
members of councils who people have elected or voted for to make decisions about what happens in their area

stake-holder engagement
speaking to, liaising with and getting the attention of people or organisations that have an interest in and are important to a specific project

a civic amenity site
a place which is used by the general public

a rubbish tip
a place where dirt, refuse and things that people no longer need are left

to embrace something
to accept, welcome and enjoy something

the vernacular
slang or informal language

shorthand
a quick way to write, say or do something

to flag up
to bring attention to





Extras
download audioDownload this programme (mp3 - 2.8 MB)
download scriptProgramme script (pdf - 39 K)

Related Links

Jack the Jargon Killer article *
Article on list of jargon*

sexta-feira, 19 de dezembro de 2008

President Clinton impeached



December 19, 1998

After nearly 14 hours of debate, the House of Representatives approves two articles of impeachment against President Bill Clinton, charging him with lying under oath to a federal grand jury and obstructing justice. Clinton, the second president in American history to be impeached, vowed to finish his term.

In November 1995, Clinton began an affair with Monica Lewinsky, a 21-year-old unpaid intern. Over the course of a year and a half, the president and Lewinsky had nearly a dozen sexual encounters in the White House. In April 1996, Lewinsky was transferred to the Pentagon. That summer, she first confided in Pentagon co-worker Linda Tripp about her sexual relationship with the president. In 1997, with the relationship over, Tripp began secretly to record conversations with Lewinsky, in which Lewinsky gave Tripp details about the affair.

In December, lawyers for Paula Jones, who was suing the president on sexual harassment charges, subpoenaed Lewinsky. In January 1998, allegedly under the recommendation of the president, Lewinsky filed an affidavit in which she denied ever having had a sexual relationship with him. Five days later, Tripp contacted the office of Kenneth Starr, the Whitewater independent counsel, to talk about Lewinsky and the tapes she made of their conversations. Tripp, wired by FBI agents working with Starr, met with Lewinsky again, and on January 16, Lewinsky was taken by FBI agents and U.S. attorneys to a hotel room where she was questioned and offered immunity if she cooperated with the prosecution. A few days later, the story broke, and Clinton publicly denied the allegations, saying, "I did not have sexual relations with that woman, Ms. Lewinsky."

In late July, lawyers for Lewinsky and Starr worked out a full-immunity agreement covering both Lewinsky and her parents, all of whom Starr had threatened with prosecution. On August 6, Lewinsky appeared before the grand jury to begin her testimony, and on August 17 President Clinton testified. Contrary to his testimony in the Paula Jones sexual-harassment case, President Clinton acknowledged to prosecutors from the office of the independent counsel that he had had an extramarital affair with Ms. Lewinsky.

In four hours of closed-door testimony, conducted in the Map Room of the White House, Clinton spoke live via closed-circuit television to a grand jury in a nearby federal courthouse. He was the first sitting president ever to testify before a grand jury investigating his conduct. That evening, President Clinton also gave a four-minute televised address to the nation in which he admitted he had engaged in an inappropriate relationship with Lewinsky. In the brief speech, which was wrought with legalisms, the word "sex" was never spoken, and the word "regret" was used only in reference to his admission that he misled the public and his family.

Less than a month later, on September 9, Kenneth Starr submitted his report and 18 boxes of supporting documents to the House of Representatives. Released to the public two days later, the Starr Report outlined a case for impeaching Clinton on 11 grounds, including perjury, obstruction of justice, witness-tampering, and abuse of power, and also provided explicit details of the sexual relationship between the president and Ms. Lewinsky. On October 8, the House authorized a wide-ranging impeachment inquiry, and on December 11, the House Judiciary Committee approved three articles of impeachment. On December 19, the House impeached Clinton.

On January 7, 1999, in a congressional procedure not seen since the 1868 impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson, the trial of President Clinton got underway in the Senate. As instructed in Article 1 of the U.S. Constitution, the chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (William Rehnquist at this time) was sworn in to preside, and the senators were sworn in as jurors.

Five weeks later, on February 12, the Senate voted on whether to remove Clinton from office. The president was acquitted on both articles of impeachment. The prosecution needed a two-thirds majority to convict but failed to achieve even a bare majority. Rejecting the first charge of perjury, 45 Democrats and 10 Republicans voted "not guilty," and on the charge of obstruction of justice the Senate was split 50-50. After the trial concluded, President Clinton said he was "profoundly sorry" for the burden his behavior imposed on Congress and the American people.

http://www.history.com/tdih.do?action=tdihVideoCategory&id=5616

quarta-feira, 17 de dezembro de 2008

Penélope Cruz


Escucha el audio en

http://www.revistahabla.com.br/

Con valor añadido

Por Gabriela Cañas

Muchos y muy buenos narradores han utilizado alguna vez como fuente de inspiración las noticias de la prensa para tejer las tramas de sus relatos. No es de extrañar. Basta leer con cierto detenimiento los artículos periodísticos para encontrar el latido de seres humanos de excepción. A veces son los protagonistas de la actualidad que brillan con titulares de neón. A veces son los ciudadanos desconocidos que aparecen, si lo hacen, muy detrás de la noticia, aunque luzcan invisibles gestas en la solapa.


Éste es un homenaje a un centenar de personajes buscados y hallados en todos los rincones del planeta, si bien, fieles a la vocación de EL PAÍS como periódico global en español, se han centrado las pesquisas en los personajes de origen iberoamericano, lo que, aunque parezca contradictorio, no ha sido limitante. El criterio aplicado, lejos de reducir opciones, ha sido una útil herramienta para abrir el espectro frente a una actualidad que idealiza y jalea hasta la extenuación todo lo anglosajón eclipsando otros mundos.
Y así es como este periódico ha confeccionado una lista redonda, pero incompleta por definición, con todos aquellos que, objetivamente, han destacado este año y los que, sin ser apenas conocidos, son dignos de destacar. Unos y otros responden, seguramente, a los anhelos de los lectores de EL PAÍS porque han demostrado poseer una cualidad (o varias) por la que ser admirados.
En esta tarea de homenajear a un centenar de personajes, EL PAÍS ha contado con la colaboración de lujo de decenas de firmas que, como un caleidoscopio, han multiplicado el valor de la galería. Porque junto a periodistas de EL PAÍS o de otros medios, los hay que han hablado de personajes a los que les une la afinidad política, la adversidad común o la entrañable amistad, cuando no los lazos de sangre.


Durante la elaboración de este número especial, El País Semanal ha descubierto dotes literarias allá donde no las esperaba, la generosidad de personas muy relevantes dispuestas a adaptarse al personaje y al espacio elegidos para ellos, y se ha encontrado con la sorpresa de haber seleccionado a dos hermanos sin saberlo: un ingeniero aeronáutico de Airbus y el director del centro de investigación de la malaria de Manhiça (Mozambique). Ambos han sido colocados en la misma página, por si su familia quiere enmarcarla, por si algún lector quiere guardarla como ejemplo de los caprichos de la genética.


Los personajes seleccionados han añadido durante 2008 un nuevo mérito a su palmarés. Algunas causas propias de este tiempo han puesto a EL PAÍS sobre sus pistas. La recuperación de la memoria histórica reúne a un lado y otro del Atlántico a una legión de ciudadanos dispuestos a desenterrar la verdad y que casi siempre trabajan a contracorriente, enfrentándose a los que creen que barrer bajo la alfombra evita los efectos secundarios de una meticulosa higiene social.
La crisis financiera y económica ha puesto a flote a muchos profesionales que supieron prever y laborar en tiempos de bonanza. Y así es como en 2008 todos los expertos han vuelto su mirada hacia un gobernador del Banco de España ya jubilado o como causan renovada admiración empresarios que sobreviven con éxito.
La violencia que sacude a países como México y Colombia y la represión que persiste en Cuba han conocido también luces y sombras que pasan por liberaciones de película y por gestos de infinito coraje frente a unos poderes públicos incapaces de entender la libertad o de proteger a sus propios ciudadanos.


La expansión del mundo hispano en Estados Unidos es, por último, el otro gran rasgo característico del año 2008. La comunidad hispana de la primera potencia mundial conformaría ya el segundo país de habla española del mundo, después de México, según un reciente informe del Instituto Cervantes, que la sitúa en 45 millones de personas, sin contar a los inmigrantes irregulares. Su voto ha sido, además, determinante para la victoria del demócrata Barack Obama.


Los 100 iberoamericanos aquí seleccionados desarrollan sus conocimientos y cualidades en todas las partes del mundo: de Nueva Delhi a París, de Ginebra al Congo. Pero fuera de nuestras fronteras es en Estados Unidos donde se concentra el mayor número de iberoamericanos de prestigio. Ahí es donde han conquistado las universidades, las pasarelas de la moda, los teatros de Broadway, los platós de cine o la sede central de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas.


El texto completo está en el enlace

http://www.elpais.com/especial/protagonistas/

LdeLengua 15 con Mario Rinvolucri y Rosana Acquaroni


EP08En este programa de LdeLengua, el que hace el número quince, vamos a dejar aparcadas por el momento las sesiones habituales del podcast para centrarnos en dos jugosas entrevistas.

La primera, realizada por Agustín Garmendia, de Difusión, a Mario Rinvolucri, aprovechando su presencia en el Rencontre FLE de Barcelona que organizó recientemente la misma editorial. Rinvolucri es, sin duda, uno de los máximos exponentes del enfoque humanista en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras y es, al mismo tiempo, un estupendo comunicador con una innegable aptitud evangelizadora. Si queréis saber más sobre este investigador, os recomendamos que sigáis su blog. Dejamos este y todos los enlaces al final del post.

La segunda entrevista es la que Emilia Conejo y Victoria Castrillejo grabaron en Madrid con Rosana Acquaroni como protagonista. Rosana nos hablará sobre la competencia metafórica y su desarrollo en el aula español como lengua extranjera. De alguna manera, esta conversación viene a ser un estupendo aperitivo antes de el taller que la autora nos dará en el Encuentro Práctico International House - Difusión de Barcelona.

Además de estas dos charlas, comentamos dos iniciativas ya en marcha: el Congreso Internacional Virtual de ELE, que tendrá lugar entre el 1 y e 14 de diciembre próximos y la salida del podcast que acompaña a la revista Foco, la publicación de los profesores de español en Holanda. Como ya viene siendo habitual, aquí tenéis todos los enlaces relacionados o citados en este programa.

Datos técnicos: este podcast está disponible en una única versión en estéreo de 128 kbps en formato mp3 con una duración de 59 minutos y un peso de 54 MB. Ha sido grabado con Behringer Podcast Studio y M-Audio Podcast Factory. Para las entrevistas vía Skype contamos con Audio Hijack Pro y Pamela y para la edición del podcast se ha utilizado Audacity.

Editorial Difusión

icon for podpress LdeLengua15: Hide Player | Play in Popup | Download
http://eledelengua.com/

quinta-feira, 11 de dezembro de 2008

The Festive Season in a Part of Africa


Two days after Christmas a Zulu woman and her schoolboy son sat waiting for me to finish my morning's clinic in Ondini. She wanted me to visit her old mother's cow, which had a calf waiting to be born. But for two days now the calf would not come out, and the poor cow was getting very tired. 'We have heard that you are a good vet,' the woman said to me.

So off we went. The schoolboy in the front of my pick-up, to show me the way, and the woman and my assistant Mbambo in the back.

Download this story

http://www.oup-bookworms.com/teachers-only.cfm

Activity

Use the lesson plan provided with last month's free story. Once students have listened to the Audio Hook, ask them how many of these things they think will happen in the story:

http://fds.oup.com/www.oup.com/pdf/elt/promo/bookworms/teaching_notes1.pdf

The cow dies The cow has a calf
The vet is very expensive The vet agrees a good price

After your students have read the story, put them in pairs and ask them to discuss why the vet said that half of 2,000 rands was 750, not 1,000. When they have finished their discussion, ask them to look at these two ideas, and decide which one they agree with:
  1. He made a mistake because he was not good at numbers.
  2. He did not really make a mistake; he wanted to give Granny a good price because it was the festive season.

Your students can also read an interview with the Author of this story on our website.


Reading tip


Include DEAR time in your lesson plans (Drop Everything And Read).

Make sure that students always have a book with them in class, and from time to time announce 15 or 20 minutes DEAR time. Everybody reads, including the teacher, which demonstrates the value of reading and helps to establish a reading community.

Oxford Bookworms Series Editor Jennifer Bassett

For more tips visit our ask the experts web page.

Don't miss next month's free story at oup.com/bookworms
http://elt-marketing.oup.com/q/12hMXEFcSrOo7/wv

terça-feira, 9 de dezembro de 2008

Blind Masseurs


This week, we find out about an interesting challenge to an employment law in South Korea. The law was passed in 1963 and stops people who aren't blind from taking jobs as massage therapists. Is this law absolutely crucial to one group of people whilst being unfair to others? Yvonne Archer is joined by William Kremer as she looks at a very difficult issue.

This week's question: Approximately how many people in the world are living with a disability of some kind?

a) 2%
b) 10%
c) 12%

You'll hear the answer at the end of the programme!


Vocabulary from the programme

a massage therapist
someone who uses his or her hands and fingers to rub different areas of the head, limbs and body to help stop pain or increase movement

masseurs
male massage therapists, but also used for females

masseuses
female massage therapists, never used for males

decades
tens of years ? a decade is ten years

cannot cope with demand
is unable to manage and complete all the work there is to do on time

awash with
literally, covered in water, but here, used as an adjective to describe a place where there are lots of people

Example sentence:
"During the summer months, the streets are awash with people."

barbers' shops
a place where people, usually men, pay to have their hair cut

sighted
able to see

practitioners
people who do something that's practical

non-visually impaired
able to see, having no problems with eyesight

constitutional court
a legal court where laws are made or changed

a monopoly
an exclusive right to do something

patronising
treating people as though they are children, have little intelligence or are of little importance




Extras
download audioDownload this programme (mp3 - 2.8 MB)
download scriptProgramme script (pdf - 40K)

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/radio/specials/144_6minute/

sexta-feira, 21 de novembro de 2008

This month's Free Story


This month's Free Story








She watched him pack his clothes and his wedding suit into his old suitcase. She could smell his cologne. When did he last wear cologne? Ah, at their wedding. It smelt strange then too. She never wore perfume. What use was perfume to a working woman like her? And married women who wear perfume are looking for lovers, trying to catch other men. That’s what people say. She already had a good, hardworking husband with a shop of his own. What more can a woman want?

Download this story


Free Story Activity 2








Use the lesson plan provided with last month's free story. This time, as you play the Audio Hook, give your students a copy of the picture on page 3 of the free story. Then ask them these questions about the picture:

How do the people in the picture feel?
Whose wedding is the husband going to? Can you guess?


Ask your students:
Why do you think the author wrote this story? How long did she take to write it?
Encourage students to find out by reading the interview with the author.

http://www.oup-bookworms.com/teachers-only.cfm

Millions tune in to find out who shot J.R.



On this day in 1980, 350 million people around the world tune in to television's popular primetime drama "Dallas" to find out who shot J.R. Ewing, the character fans loved to hate. J.R. had been shot on the season-ending episode the previous March 21, which now stands as one of television's most famous cliffhangers. The plot twist inspired widespread media coverage and left America wondering "Who shot J.R.?" for the next eight months. The November 21 episode solved the mystery, identifying Kristin Shepard, J.R.'s wife's sister and his former mistress, as the culprit.

The CBS television network debuted the first five-episode pilot season of "Dallas" in 1978; it went on to run for another 12 full-length seasons. The first show of its kind, "Dallas" was dubbed a "primetime soap opera" for its serial plots and dramatic tales of moral excess. The show revolved around the relations of two Texas oil families: the wealthy, successful Ewing family and the perpetually down-on-their-luck Barnes family. The families' patriarchs, Jock Ewing and Digger Barnes, were former partners locked in a years-long feud over oil fields Barnes claimed had been stolen by Ewing. Ewing's youngest son Bobby (Patrick Duffy) and Barnes' daughter Pam (Victoria Principal) had married, linking the battling clans even more closely. The character of J.R. Ewing, Bobby's oldest brother and a greedy, conniving, womanizing scoundrel, was played by Larry Hagman.

As J.R. had many enemies, audiences were hard-pressed to guess who was responsible for his attempted murder. That summer, the question "Who Shot J.R.?" entered the national lexicon, becoming a popular t-shirt slogan, and heightening anticipation of the soap's third season, which was to air in the fall. After a much-talked-about contract dispute with Hagman was finally settled, the season was delayed because of a Screen Actors Guild strike, much to the dismay of "Dallas" fans. When it finally aired, the episode revealing J.R.'s shooter became one of television's most watched shows, with an audience of 83 million people in the U.S. alone--a full 76 percent of all U.S. televisions on that night were tuned in--and helped put "Dallas" into greater worldwide circulation. It also popularized the use of the cliffhanger by television writers.

The shooting of J.R. wasn't "Dallas'" only notorious plot twist. In September 1986, fans learned that the entire previous season, in which main character Bobby Ewing had died, was merely a dream of Pam's. The show's writers had killed the Bobby character off because Duffy had decided to leave the show. When he agreed to return, they featured him stepping out of the shower on the season-ending cliffhanger, and then were forced the next season to explain his sudden reappearance.

The last premiere episode of "Dallas" aired on May 3, 1991. A spin-off, "Knots Landing," aired from December 27, 1979 until May 13, 1993. "Dallas" remains in syndication around the world.

http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?action=VideoArticle&id=52279

sexta-feira, 24 de outubro de 2008

First barrel ride down Niagara Falls




October 24: General Interest



1901 : First barrel ride down Niagara Falls





On this day in 1901, a 63-year-old schoolteacher named Annie Edson Taylor becomes the first person to take the plunge over Niagara Falls in a barrel.After her husband died in the Civil War, the New York-born Taylor moved all over the U. S. before settling in Bay City, Michigan, around 1898. In July 1901, while reading an article about the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, she learned of the growing popularity of two enormous waterfalls located on the border of upstate New York and Canada. Strapped for cash and seeking fame, Taylor came up with the perfect attention-getting stunt: She would go over Niagara Falls in a barrel.Taylor was not the first person to attempt the plunge over the famous falls. In October 1829, Sam Patch, known as the Yankee Leaper, survived jumping down the 175-foot Horseshoe Falls of the Niagara River, on the Canadian side of the border. More than 70 years later, Taylor chose to take the ride on her birthday, October 24. (She claimed she was in her 40s, but genealogical records later showed she was 63.) With the help of two assistants, Taylor strapped herself into a leather harness inside an old wooden pickle barrel five feet high and three feet in diameter. With cushions lining the barrel to break her fall, Taylor was towed by a small boat into the middle of the fast-flowing Niagara River and cut loose.Knocked violently from side to side by the rapids and then propelled over the edge of Horseshoe Falls, Taylor reached the shore alive, if a bit battered, around 20 minutes after her journey began. After a brief flurry of photo-ops and speaking engagements, Taylor's fame cooled, and she was unable to make the fortune for which she had hoped. She did, however, inspire a number of copy-cat daredevils. Between 1901 and 1995, 15 people went over the falls; 10 of them survived. Among those who died were Jesse Sharp, who took the plunge in a kayak in 1990, and Robert Overcracker, who used a jet ski in 1995. No matter the method, going over Niagara Falls is illegal, and survivors face charges and stiff fines on either side of the border.

domingo, 7 de setembro de 2008

Words in the news




Young Britons shy away from learning languages
Figures show that most teenagers in the UK have no foreign language skills, and this has an economic impact.
Download transcript & vocabulary (21 K pdf)


Bagatela

Es algo de poco valor o de poca importancia. Proviene del italiano bagattelle, lengua en la cual también tiene el significado de ‘cosa sin importancia’. La palabra se formó en italiano a partir del bajo latín baga (pequeña prenda de ropa) cuyo diminutivo era bagatta. El vocablo original ya aludía a algo pequeño y el diminutivo a algo menor aun, pero el italiano se caracteriza por tener en ciertos casos un diminutivo del diminutivo (Ver fettucine), de modo que bagatta tiene el diminutivo bagattella, algo realmente insignificante. La palabra llegó también al francés bagatelle, con el mismo significado.El etimólogo alemán del siglo XIX Hugo Schuchardt, por su parte, sugiere que el origen no sería baga sino baca, que en latín significaba ‘pequeño objeto redondo’ pero, en todo caso, la evolución posterior de la palabra sería la misma. En la primera edición del Diccionario de la Academia, bagatela aparecía así definida:
Cosa menuda, de poca substancia, sin valor.
http://www.elcastellano.org

terça-feira, 19 de agosto de 2008

El retrato de Dorian Gray


Por Oscar Wilde


De las obras de Oscar Wilde la más conocida, la que en verdad le ha dado fama universal, es El retrato de Dorian Gray. El escándalo que en todos los niveles sociales produjo su aparición, se debió a los alcances contestararios de la moral victoriana que la obra dejaba al desnudo. Nadie emitió entonces opinión acerca de sus valores literarios, salvo aquellos que encendidamente emprendieron la defensa estética de la libertad expresiva y de la realización estética. De modo que si bien esta obra, y la conducta misma de Wilde, terminaron con sus huesos en la cárcel, en donde escribió aquella bellísima balada de la cárcel de Reading, que en sí es una especie de pendant de la presente novela teatral que aquí se presenta, lo cierto es que el drama aquí relatado tan finamente y tan desembozadamente por Oscar Wilde ha devenido un arquetipo de cinismo, y también de castigo ético, o de trascendencia de la vida moral, temas todos que quizá estuvieron en el ánimo del creador, o simplemente alcanzaron a fundirse en su creación estética. Los tiempos han cambiado, a buen seguro, pero esta obra produce todavía el mismo escozor y la misma sensación de plenitud ante la obra de arte; aunque la reacción de las sociedades haya variado 180 grados, y nadie ya plantee el escarnio al autor por la rudeza de las convicciones y la valentía de asumir sus propias lacras morales.


Descargar

www.artnovela.com.ar

czechabsinthe.wordpress.com/.../

quarta-feira, 30 de julho de 2008

Patricia, on living and working in Brazil

Download Patricia interview (MP3)
Download the activity worksheet to use with this month's Podcast.
Worksheet (PDF)
Tapescript (PDF)
http://www.businessenglishonline.net/TheBusiness/podcasts.htm

Hacienda


Es el nombre de un establecimiento rural y también del conjunto de bienes que alguien posee. Además, se denomina así a la Secretaría de Estado que se encarga de la administración del dinero público --Ministerio de Hacienda-- aunque en las últimas décadas se afirmó la tendencia a llamarlos de Economía y Finanzas.El vocablo entró muy tempranamente al castellano (hay registros desde comienzos del siglo XII), con el sentido de ‘asuntos’, ‘ocupación’, de donde algunos siglos más tarde pasó a denotar ‘propiedades’ y ‘administración de éstas’. En América, no tardó en aplicarse a la propiedad de rebaño vacuno y ovino.El vocablo castellano se originó en el latín facienda, plural neutro del participio presente de facere ‘hacer’, con el significado de ‘las cosas pendientes de hacer’, y pasó al italiano como azienda y al catalán como hicenda.
http://www.elcastellano.org

The Olympic Games



The first Olympic Games were held more than 2,700 years ago in Olympia in Greece. The first modern Olympic Games were held in 1894 in Athens, in Greece. They happen every four years in different countries. This year the Olympic Games are in Beijing in China, and they begin on August 8th and end on August 24th.

I can run
What can Panda do? What can you do? Listen to a song about running, jumping and swimming.

the first marathon
This race was first run nearly 2,500 years ago! Read and listen to the exciting story of the first marathon.


http://www.britishcouncil.org/kids-topics-olympics.htm

Insurance


Insurance
(TS)

Description
(NB: this is not a "Business English" lesson though it can be easily integrated into one.) An unusual topic for a general English lesson, you might think, but surprisingly stimulating nevertheless – try it! Vocabulary is explored and practised through a gap-fill exercise based around topic-based words and phrases. Conversation practice is provided through a series of discussion questions designed for the layman and based around the topic. For example: "How many insurance policies do you and your family have? What have you insured?"

http://www.tefl.net/esl-lesson-plans/esl-worksheets-tp.htm

English Idioms

What is an Idiom?
There are two features that identify an idiom: firstly, we cannot deduce the meaning of the idiom from the individual words; and secondly, both the grammar and the vocabulary of the idiom are fixed, and if we change them we lose the meaning of the idiom. Thus the idiom "pull your socks up" means "improve the way you are behaving" (or it can have a literal meaning); if we change it grammatically to "pull your sock up" or we change its vocabulary to "pull your stockings up", then we must interpret the phrase literally - it has lost its idiomatic meaning.
More about Idioms
Idioms reference with example sentences and quizzes
Idioms help - ask a question

segunda-feira, 28 de julho de 2008

faraón


Era el nombre de los monarcas egipcios entre los años 3050 y 30 a. de C. Según la egiptóloga Wallis Budges, proviene de un antiguo vocablo egipcio pera-a, que significaba ‘casa grande’, formado por per ‘casa’ y aa ‘grande’. Inicialmente, éste era el nombre del palacio real, más tarde per-aa designaba la residencia real y luego a la autoridad misma. Entre los egipcios era una palabra empleada por el pueblo y no por las autoridades, y sólo surgió bajo el reinado de Amenhotep III, en la primera mitad del siglo XIV a. de C.El término fue tomado por los hebreos con la forma paroh y por el griego como paraoh, hasta llegar al latín pharaon, -onis (también paraoh). Al español llegó como faraón, al inglés como pharaoh, al francés como pharaon, al alemán como Pharao, al portugués como faraó y al italiano como faraone.
http://www.elcastellano.org

For teachers - Working abroad

Working Abroad uses the experiences of real people, both experts and non-experts, to explore some of the cultural and linguistic challenges of living and working in a foreign country - and offers a lot of practical hints and tips to help those who are thinking of taking the plunge. We've created a bank of downloadable classroom worksheets to help you and your students get the most out of the series. We've also written a list of quick and easy teaching ideas and activities that require little or no preparation, - most of them can be used with almost any part of the series:
Teaching ideas (45 K)
We hope you find these worksheets useful - do please send your comments and feedback to us at teachingenglish@bbc.co.uk.

Listening

These worksheets have been written to accompany specific programmes. Each of them focuses on one or more listening skills.
Worksheets:
Programme 2 (3.8 MB mp3)
Prediction & comprehension - dealing with different voices
Worksheet (41 K)

Programme 3 (3.8 MB mp3)
Comprehension - multiple choice questions
Worksheet (47 K)

Programme 4 (3.8 MB mp3)
Comprehension - true/false questions and follow up discussion questions
Worksheet (37 K)

Programme 5 (3.7 MB mp3)
Comprehension - true/false questions and follow up discussion questions
Worksheet (65 K)

Programme 6 (3.7 MB mp3)
Text organisation - ordering sentences. Follow up activity: Stereotypes discussion
Worksheet (40 K)

Reading

These worksheets are based around the reading texts related to the different people featured in Working Abroad. Each worksheet focuses on a specific reading sub-skill.
Worksheets:
Federico: the Person
Comprehension through comparisonOrdering events
Worksheet (35 K)

Andre - the Person
Comprehension questions
Worksheet (43 K)

Maralde - the Experience
Comprehension questionsComprehension through comparison
Worksheet (36 K)

Adam - the Person, the Job and the Experience
AnagramsSentence insertion
Worksheet (48 K)

Chris - the Experience
PredictionComprehension - true/false questionsFollow up speaking activity
Worksheet (44 K)

Writing

These worksheets provide guidance and practice on writing different types of text. The theme of each writing task centres on an aspect of working abroad.
Worksheets:
Worksheet 1 Proofreading
Worksheet (34 K)

Worksheet 2 Email
Worksheet (40 K)

Worksheet 3 Formal and informal tone
Worksheet (36 K)

Worksheet 4 A guide to your culture
Worksheet (39 K)

Speaking

These speaking activities provide consolidation and practice of the vocabulary, structures and concepts featured in the series.
Worksheets:
Worksheet 1
Roleplay: job interview
Worksheet (33 K)

Worksheet 2
Ranking discussion: what's important when you're working abroad?
Worksheet (28 K)

Worksheet 3
Pronunciation: minimal pairs
Worksheet (29 K)

Worksheet 4
Pronunciation: sentence stress
Worksheet (33 K)

Worksheet 5
Mingling activity: find someone who...
Worksheet (31 K)

Worksheet 6
Clarifying meaning
Worksheet (34 K)

Grammar

These worksheets provide explanation and practice of some of the structures which are found in these programmes.
Worksheets:
Worksheet 1
Conditionals
Worksheet (38 K)

Worksheet 2
Articles
Worksheet (34 K)

Worksheet 3
Verb forms
Worksheet (34 K)

Worksheet 4
Error correction
Worksheet (42 K)

Vocabulary

Use these worksheets to recycle and practise key vocabulary from the series.
Worksheets:
Worksheet 1
Crossword
Worksheet (38 K)

Worksheet 2
Crossword (easy version)
Worksheet (38 K)

Worksheet 3
People
Worksheet (57 K)

Worksheet 4
Adjectives
Worksheet (37 K)

Worksheet 5
Idiomatic expressions
Worksheet (34 K)

Pronunciation tips

Contents
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/

The sounds of English
About the sounds
Videos
Similar sounds exercises
Unit 1 - Key and Pin
Unit 2 - Book and Do
Unit 3 - Door and Coat
Unit 4 - Egg, Cat and Cup
Unit 5 - Sock and coat
Features of English
Sounds and spelling
Schwa
Connected speech
Voicing
Quizzes
Quiz 1
Quiz 2
Quiz 3
Quiz 4
Quiz 5
Programmes
Programme 1
Programme 2
Programme 3

How to describe a process


When you have to give a series of instructions to make or produce something there are some common, useful and simple language features you can use to sound fluent and natural. In this programme we use the example of how to cook the perfect omelette to demonstrate this.

Download - (1.8 MB) Script (37 K)

Don't forget to practise what you've learned with the activity.

The imperative
One common feature when describing a process, such as the instructions for how to make a particular dish, is the use of the imperative.

The imperative form is made by using the bare infinitive of the verb (the infinitive without 'to'). Here are some examples from the programme. The imperatives are in bold. Note that in these examples there are no grammatical subjects

"Use a minium of four eggs per omelette ...."
"Heat the oil, not too much heat, just heat it ... "
"Put just one tablespoon of water, not milk, in with the egg ..."
"Mix the eggs up, just lightly beat them with a fork ... "
"Pour that into the hot pan ... " It is possible to use subjects when describing a process like this.


The subject most commonly used is 'you'. For example:

You use a minimum of four eggs ...
You heat the oil ...
You put one tablespoon of water ....

Linking words

When giving a series of instructions it's more natural in speech and writing to join the different instructions together with linking words.

There are many different linking words that can be used to describe a sequence of instructions that are part of a process. Two very simple, but commonly used ones are and and then. Here are some examples from the omelette instructions.

... lightly beat the eggs then pour them into the pan ...
... Turn the heat down and then use your fork ...
... And then just put a knife underneath and flip the omelette over ...


WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNT?


sábado, 26 de julho de 2008

English Just for Lawyers - Legalese




“Legalese” is a term which describes the technical writing used by lawyers. Such writing is usually difficult to be understood by lay people (no-lawyers), because it includes jargons, technical words, complex sentences and it tends to be very normal.
Page 5 – Definition
Page 6 – exercises 1 - 2
Page 7 – exercises 3 – 4
Page 8 - exercise 5
Page 9 – exercise 5 (cont)
Page 10 – exercise 6
Page 11 – exercise 7 – 8
Page 12 – exercise 9
Page 13 – exercise 9 (cont)
Pages 15 – 18 - Keys


http://www.brandnewroutes.com.br/site/infotainment/index.html

On Top of the World


On Top of the World
(TS)
A worksheet that focuses on the consequences of global warming on the North Pole. Vocabulary is explored and practised through a gap-fill exercise based around words and phrases built from "pole". Conversation practice is provided through a series of discussion questions based around the topic. For example: "In your opinion, who should the gas and oil under the North Pole belong to?"

sexta-feira, 25 de julho de 2008

ATARDECER HELADO (CRAZY SOUL)

Escucha y completa

http://www.pyc-revista.com/articulos/cancion.pdf

http://www.pyc-revista.com/articulos/12-atardecer-helado.mp3

http://www.pyc-revista.com/

Dioses del Olimpo Terrenales

Tras años de duro entrenamiento, por fin llega
la hora de luchar por alcanzar la gloria olímpica.
Estos son algunos de los llamados a codearse
con1 los dioses en Beijing.
Texto Noemí Monge
http://www.pyc-revista.com/articulos/en/dioses-olimpo.pdf
http://www.pyc-revista.com/articulos/6-dioses-olimpo-pekin.mp3
http://www.pyc-revista.com/

EL LENGUAJE DE LOS JÓVENES


¿Qué pasa, tronco?

Nunca como hoy, los jóvenes han manejado un vocabulario tan diferente
al del mundo de los adultos; un lenguaje a mitad de camino entre
la diversión y la provocación que resulta incomprensible para todos los
que no pertenecen a su mundo. Punto y Coma reflexiona con los autores
de esta especial modalidad de la lengua de Cervantes.

Texto Carmen Aguirre
http://www.pyc-revista.com/articulos/en/lenguaje-jovenes.pdf

http://www.pyc-revista.com/articulos/3-lenguaje-jovenes.mp3

http://www.pyc-revista.com/

quinta-feira, 24 de julho de 2008

Uma pororoca nas páginas dos livros didáticos


Confira um infográfico e todo o bastidor da expedição que promete colocar o Rio Amazonas na frente do Rio Nilo na lista dos mais longos do mundo

A informação está nos livros didáticos, nos verbetes das enciclopédias, já foi ouvida por um sem-número de estudantes em todo o mundo e, até hoje, é repetida anualmente pelas salas de aula de todo o planeta. Mas um grupo de cientistas do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (Inpe) anunciou recentemente uma série de levantamentos mostrando que, ao que tudo indica, o Rio Amazonas é o rio mais longo do planeta, e não o Nilo, como ensinam os livros de Geografia. A notícia foi publicada na Revista Veja. Para determinar o local onde nasce um rio, os geógrafos convencionaram levar em consideração o ponto onde aflora o depositário mais volumoso. Dessa forma, a nascente foi mudando de lugar a cada nova descoberta. E, de acordo com a mais recente, cujo trabalho de campo foi descrito em reportagem da Revista Nova Escola, a comunidade científica provavelmente seja obrigada a dar um “recall” nesse dado.
http://revistaescola.abril.uol.com.br/online/reportagem/repsemanal_289183.shtml

Dictation activity - 'ability'

This dictation looks at South African Paralympic athlete Oscar Pistorius’ high-profile battle to be allowed to compete in the Beijing Olympics. As well as asking students to listen to and transcribe a short text, the dictation encourages them to refine their vocabulary, finding different ways to talk about movement, and learning how to avoid causing offence when talking about disability. Please click on the buttons below the definition of the headword to download the Audio File, Script and Teacher's Notes.

Level: Upper Intermediate or above

Time: The audio clip is about 2 minutes long, so you can just use this as language practice for your class. If you decide to complete all of the activities outlined in the Teacher's Notes, the entire exercise will take one hour.

ability
the fact of being able to do something
the level of skill that someone has in a particular job or activity
the quality of being skilful or naturally good at something

Audio

http://www.macmillandictionaries.com/resources/dictations/audio/ability.mp3

Script http://www.macmillandictionaries.com/resources/dictations/ability/Ability_Tapescript.pdf

Teacher's Notes

http://www.macmillandictionaries.com/resources/dictations/ability/Ability_Teacher%27s_Notes.pdf

Glossary

http://www.macmillandictionaries.com/resources/dictations/ability/Ability_Glossary.pdf

Guide to using the MED dictations

http://www.macmillandictionaries.com/resources/dictations/Methodology.pdf

If you have difficulty downloading the MP3 file, or wish to save it to your computer, please right click on the Audio Download button and select 'Save Target As'.

http://www.macmillandictionaries.com/resources/dictations/dictation.htm

The future of Starbucks




by Pete Sharma Visit Pete's Website


Level: Intermediate and above
Worksheet
Teacher's Notes


This week's activities:
Ranking factors when deciding which coffee house to go to
Completing the missing dates and figures in a time line
Reading an article about Starbucks
Deciding if words from the article are nouns, verbs or both
Discussing questions arising from teh article


Related Websites
Send your students to these websites, or just take a look yourself.


Please be patient while these pages load - they are worth the wait!


http://www.starbucks.com/


http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7219458.stmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starbucks


http://www.reviewcentre.com/fi4424-brand-Coffee+Shop.html

http://www.businessenglishonline.net/e-lessons/index.htm

Notable seconds


Student's Worksheet

Teacher's Notes

Type of activity: Quiz. Team work.

Aims: To discuss answers to general knowledge questions.

Tasks: To complete a general knowledge quiz.

http://www.insideout.net/e-lessons.htm

Cricket



The subject of this week’s lesson is cricket, a traditional sport that is loved by millions of people, but which is also baffling to many others.
Level


Intermediate and above (equivalent to CEF level B1 and above)


Student's Worksheet PDF (29K) DOC (47K)
Teacher's Notes PDF (25K) DOC (43K)


Glossary based on the Macmillan English Dictionary and the Macmillan Essential Dictionary


PDF (24K) DOC (48K)


Related Websites


Send your students to these websites, or just take a look yourself.


http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/cricket/default.stm


The cricket section of the BBC Sports website. Includes a section on laws and equipment. Intermediate level and above.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cricket


The entry for cricket in Wikipedia. Lots of information. Intermediate level and above.


http://ezinearticles.com/?Why-Do-the-English-Love-Cricket?&id=669823


A text (approximately 300 words) addressing the question ‘Why do the English love cricket?’ Intermediate level and above.


http://www.insideout.net/e-lessons.htm

terça-feira, 22 de julho de 2008

Jason in Chinatown


Ebaby! is visiting Beijing, China, for the 2008 Olympics! We will be visiting Ebaby! members, making fun videos, and teaching English to everyone!
Here is the video of Jason learning Chinese culture in Chinatown. Check it out!

sábado, 19 de julho de 2008

How to borrow

From time to time we all need to borrow things. They could be small things or large things. We might want to borrow them for a short time a long time but we just need something we don’t have. When you borrow something it’s something that someone else has and you do plan to return it to him or her.
Download - (1.8 MB)
Script (37 K)

To borrow & to lend
These verbs are closely connected and are sometimes confused. In simple terms to borrow is to take and to lend is to give. The person who wants something, borrows and the person who gives something, lends.

If you are taking:
You borrow something from someone.
Someone lends something to you.
Someone lends you something.

If you are giving:
You lend something to someone
You lend someone something
Someone borrows something from you

Using 'to borrow'
The subject of the sentence is the person who wants something. In these examples the subject is 'I'.

Can I borrow your pen please?
Could I borrow some money please?
Can I borrow your bike?

Using 'to lend'
You can also use the verb 'to lend' to ask for something. In this case the subject of the sentence is the person who has something. In these examples the subject is 'you'.

Could you lend me your pen please?
Could you lend me some money, please?
Could you lend me your bike?

Other information
When asking to borrow something you can also give some information as to why you want to borrow something and / or how long you want to borrow it for.

Could I borrow your pen for a moment? I need to sign this contract.
Can I borrow your ruler for a second?
Can I borrow £10 until tomorrow? I've left my purse at home.
Could you lend me your bike tools over the weekend? I've got to fix a puncture.

To get something back to someone
A useful phrasal verb to use for saying when you will return something you want to borrow is to get something back (to someone).

to get + it / them + back (to you) + (the approximate time you will return what you have borrowed)

Can I borrow your shopping bags? I'll get them back to you this evening.
Can you lend me some money? I'll get it back to you tomorrow.

Download activity with answers (31 K)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/radio/specials/142_requests_offers/page11.shtml

sexta-feira, 18 de julho de 2008

Matemática é D+ (Elaborando itinerários - 3ª série)





Na Escola Estadual Victor Civita (Guarulhos, SP), uma turma de 3ª série realiza uma atividade de elaboração de itinerários. A escola faz parte do projeto Matemática é D+.

Matemática é D+ (Sólidos Geométricos - 2ª série)





A formadora Priscila Monteiro propõe à turma de 2ª série da Escola Estadual Victor Civita, em Guarulhos (SP) uma atividade de construção de sólidos geométricos. Conheça o projeto Matemática é D+.

quinta-feira, 17 de julho de 2008

"À toa" ou "À-toa"?


O adjetivo invariável "à-toa", que significa "frívolo", "inútil" ou "sem objetivo", exige crase e provoca hífen.

Por exemplo: Tratava-se de um assunto à-toa. Diziam que elas eram pessoas à-toa. Eram filmes à-toa. Esse adjetivo originou-se da locução adverbial "à toa", que só era utilizada na linguagem náutica. Quando um navio não pode dirigir-se por si mesmo e outro o reboca por meio de um cabo chamado "toa", diz-se que o primeiro está indo à toa, isto é, a reboque. Desse uso concreto, passamos a usar a expressão com sentido moral e atualmente se diz que um ser é "à-toa" quando não tem determinação própria.

www.soportugues.com.br

Fimosis

Proviene del griego phimós, palabra empleada para denominar el bozal de un animal o el freno que se pone en la boca de un caballo. La palabra fimosis se emplea en medicina para definer la estrechez excesiva de la piel que recubre el pene, con lo que ésta no puede retraerse para dejar descubierto el glande.Se cuenta que el rey Luis XVI de Francia padecía de esta malformación, por lo cual su casamiento con María Antonieta no se consumó durante varios años, hasta que cuñado, el emperador Francisco de Austria lo convenció a someterse a una circuncisión, tras lo cual tuvieron cuatro hijos.Entre los judíos, la circuncisión se practica a los bebés y, según el libro sagrado de los hebreos, la Torá, esa tradición constituye un símbolo de la alianza entre Dios y su pueblo elegido: «Circuncidarás la carne de tu prepucio, y será una señal del pacto entre Yo y tú».
Corrección: En la última entrega se incluyó una cita del Diccionario del Lunfardo, de José Gobello, en la que se hace una referencia a Leopoldo Lugones. En realidad, el Lugones citado por Gobello sólo por su apellido es Benigno B. Lugones y el libro de su autoría, que Gobello cita como "Los beduinos..." es Los beduinos urbanos, tal como se establece en la bibliografía del Diccionario del lunfardo.

Olympic games (summer)



The Summer Olympic Games are an international multi-sport event held every four years, organised by the International Olympic Committee. The Olympics are the most prestigious of such events in the world. Olympic victory is widely considered to be the most prestigious achievement in many sports.

magazine article: The Olympics. "Winning the Olympics is not about the medal. It is about how you feel, deep inside, at the moment of victory…it is about the unbelievable attraction of history." (Matthew Pinsent: - Olympic Gold Medal Winner (Barcelona 1992, Atlanta 1996, Sydney 2000)" Read article


magazine article: The Olympic Games - Then and Now. "In 2004 the Olympic Games returned to its home in Greece, where it began around 3000 years ago. The first recorded Olympic festival took place in 776 BC. Similar festivals had been organised for at least two or three centuries prior to this, but 776 BC saw the start of a regular festival which was to take place every Olympiad, or four year period." Read article


word game: Olympic events. Match names and descriptions of 32 different sports.


Play game (1), game (2), game (3) and game (4).


story: Athletes of the Ancient Olympic Games. Read short biographies of 5 great athletes from the Ancient Olympics and do an activity in which you compare the information in them. Read story


cartoon: "I'm freezing out here!" "Don't worry. I'm a ..." See cartoon


cartoon: "He's the worst athlete in the world" "Yes. He ran a ..." See cartoon


poll: "Only truly amateur athletes should compete in the Olympic Games?" See results


trivia: Quote: "The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning but taking part . . . The essential thing in life is not conquering but fighting well." (Pierre de Coubertin) See more Olympics trivia (1) and trivia (2)


links: Olympic history See more links


The British Council is not responsible for the content of external web sites.


http://www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglish-central-themes-olympics-summer.htm

Phrasals4Fun



Sport



Welcome to Unit 1 of Phrasals4Fun.


In this unit you are going to learn 6 common phrasal verbs on the topic of ‘sport’. On this page you can access the following materials:


Page One: Listening
Listen to a conversation between two native speakers and answer questions about it.


Page Two: Vocabulary
Practise the phrasal verbs that you heard in the conversation with a matching activity and discover the meanings of the verbs if you don't already know.


Page Three: Reading
Revise the phrasal verbs you’ve seen on pages one and two. Look at the flyer (publicity paper) for a new local gym. Fill in the blanks with the correct words.


Download study tips on phrasal verbs (pdf file - 47 KB)


http://www.britishcouncil.org/learnenglish-central-word-games-phrasals4fun-sport-index.htm

sexta-feira, 11 de julho de 2008

Focus on the meaning of the particle

Sometimes the meaning of the particle (preposition or adverb) helps you to understand a phrasal verb, e.g. back usually means return. Some prepositions can have different meanings.

Up
a) increase
b) completely

Down
a) put on paper
b) decrease
c) stop completely

On
a) continue
b) wear
c) connect

Off
a) disconnect
b) depart

Out
a) make desappear
b) to different people

What does up/down/on/off/out add to the meaning of each verb?
1) Unemployment has gone up a lot this year.
2) If you don't shut up you'll have to leave the class.
3) Can you turn the heating down? It's very hot.
4) I have to write words down before I can learn them.
5) When the faztory closed down, the workers had to find new jobs.
6) Could you turn the radio on? I want to hear the news.
7) I always like to try clothes on before I buy them.
8) The programme went on for two hours.
9) The plane will be taking off in a few minutes.
10) Please switch off the lights before you go.
11) In this exercise you have to cross out the wrong words.
12) I'm going to give out a list of words for you to learn.

English File, Upper-intermediate, Vocabulary builder 2 page 127, OXFORD

quinta-feira, 10 de julho de 2008

Quizás


Quizá o quizás aparece bajo la primera forma en el siglo XIII, pero ya figuraba en el Cantar de Mio Cid como quiçab:
Moros e christianos de mi han grant pauor.Ala dentro en Marruecos, o las mezquitas son,Que abran de mi salto quiçab alguna noch:Ellos lo temen, ca non lo piensso yo.

Es una alteración de la antigua expresión familiar qui sabe ‘quién sabe’, con origen en el latín qui sapit.Quizás es posterior: aparece sólo a comienzos del siglo XVI, aunque Corominas señala que los clásicos consideraban vulgar esta forma usada en este texto de 1508 de Lucas Fernández:

Si tú pides la alcauala, quizás que la partiremos.
El etimólogo catalán señala un fenómeno curioso, verificado en la segunda mitad del siglo XX en Cuba y en el Río de la Plata, que consiste en una regresión al antiguo ‘quién sabe’, junto con una tendencia a abandonar quizá(s): Quién sabe iremos o quién sabe no lo vea.

http://www.elcastellano.org

Trapped in the Drive-Thru


quinta-feira, 3 de julho de 2008

Frase da semana

"Não sou do tamanho da minha altura, mas da estatura daquilo que posso ver"
Fernando Pessoa, poeta português (1888-1935)

quarta-feira, 2 de julho de 2008

Margaret Atwood, premio Príncipe de Asturias de las Letras

Por Mercedes Monmay, ABC

Narradora, poeta, crítica literaria, ensayista, profesora universitaria e incansable defensora de los derechos civiles, implicada en los más diversos frentes abiertos de nuestra era, desde la ecología y la salud del planeta al desarme o la lucha por la igualdad de hombres y mujeres, la canadiense Margaret Atwood (Ottawa, 1939) comenzó muy pronto a escribir, a los 16 años, y lo hizo con un género, la poesía, que es el que menos la ha dado a conocer a lo largo y ancho del mundo, donde es la admirada novelista, o narradora en su más amplio espectro, de éxitos incesantes y tan rotundos como El cuento de la criada, Los diarios de Susanna Moodie, Ojo de gato, Resurgir, Doña Oráculo, Alias Grace o El asesino ciego. Irónica, en huida permanente de los clichés así como del encorsetamiento teórico y doctrinario, intelectual dotada de gran agudeza crítica y descriptiva, sanamente lúcida, chispeante y siempre ingeniosa tanto en entrevistas como en ensayos o artículos, además de en su obra de creación propiamente dicha, Margaret Atwood es conocida por obras en las que sus protagonistas tienen que enfrentarse a menudo con una variada confabulación de fuerzas de la realidad. Unas fuerzas que operan contra ellos y que van desde Estados futuros y tiránicos -en obras de ciencia-ficción o pesadillas apocalípticas-, mecanismos del poder desencadenantes de todo tipo de injusticias, verdugos de la infancia, normas sociales estrictas y rebosantes de prejuicios, aridez e incomprensión en las relaciones personales o discriminación a la hora de vivir y crear dentro de un género determinado. Perteneciente a una saga de mujeres novelistas de altísimo nivel, nacidas en el Canadá poscolonial, como serían Margaret Laurence, la centenaria y espléndida Mavis Gallant, una prodigiosa Alice Munro o Anne Michaels, Atwood sería junto a ellas y otros grandes como Robertson Davies, de los pioneros, por así decirlo, de una literatura antes tan sólo representada por los grandes imperios de los que provenían. Alumna del prestigioso crítico Northrop Fry, feminista en sus comienzos y actual disidente de las formas más extremistas de aquel movimiento, sus últimos libros publicados han sido unos excelentes ensayos titulados La maldición de Eva, los cuentos Érase una vez, que reunían sus volúmenes Dancing Girls y Good Bones (Lumen), así como el excelente conjunto, también de relatos, Desorden moral (Bruguera). Unos relatos no pocas veces salpicados de un reguero de huellas autobiográficas. Defensora de la Naturaleza Hija de un científico (cosa que le influiría fuertemente tanto en su poesía como en su conciencia de defensa de la Naturaleza durante su vida adulta), un entomólogo forestal, para ser exactos, esta vista hacia el pasado y la condensación de su recorrido vital (infancia, primera juventud, años 60 y comienzos como enseñante de literatura en la Universidad, divorcio temprano) habían aparecido, sobre todo los primeros años de niñez y adolescencia en Toronto, en una de las iniciales obras por la que obtuvo un extenso reconocimiento mundial: Ojo de gato, de 1988. En ella, una artista regresa a la ciudad donde vivió y recuerda la niña que fue y la atmósfera en la que se produjo tanto su formación, como ciertos acontecimientos recuperados por la memoria con un regusto amargo. Nacida en el seno de una familia feliz, nadie sospecharía que entre los cuatro muros del hogar se escondieran insospechados infiernos que marcaron la existencia de una niña amada por todos, pero víctima de la crueldad de ciertas compañeras de su escuela. Extremadamente culta y leída, profunda conocedora de la literatura universal, la mente y el ojo de Margaret Atwood se ejercitan en todo momento, en cualquier fase de su escritura o género escogido, de una manera clarividente, directa, exacta, desinhibida, penetrante y a la vez ajena a inútiles rodeos u ornamentos. Eso mismo que ella dice admirar en autores muy queridos como Orwell: «Su insistencia en el uso de un lenguaje claro y preciso. «La prosa debe ser como el cristal de una ventana», dijo en una ocasión, abogando por el lenguaje directo en contra de las florituras, los eufemismos y de esa terminología sesgada que no debe, en ningún momento, oscurecer la verdad». Algo que ella aplicaría, sin cesar, al pie de la letra, a lo largo de toda su contundente y cristalina obra llena de verdades y fuertes convicciones, pero también de humildad, ironía y falta de arrogancia prepotente, como sucede en muchos otros casos.