Sometimes the meaning of the particle (preposition or adverb) helps you to understand a phrasal verb, e.g. back usually means return. Some prepositions can have different meanings.
Up
a) increase
b) completely
Down
a) put on paper
b) decrease
c) stop completely
On
a) continue
b) wear
c) connect
Off
a) disconnect
b) depart
Out
a) make desappear
b) to different people
What does up/down/on/off/out add to the meaning of each verb?
1) Unemployment has gone up a lot this year.
2) If you don't shut up you'll have to leave the class.
3) Can you turn the heating down? It's very hot.
4) I have to write words down before I can learn them.
5) When the faztory closed down, the workers had to find new jobs.
6) Could you turn the radio on? I want to hear the news.
7) I always like to try clothes on before I buy them.
8) The programme went on for two hours.
9) The plane will be taking off in a few minutes.
10) Please switch off the lights before you go.
11) In this exercise you have to cross out the wrong words.
12) I'm going to give out a list of words for you to learn.
English File, Upper-intermediate, Vocabulary builder 2 page 127, OXFORD
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